| Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
| Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Swans travel on the path of the sun. People travel through
space by supernatural powers.
Wise ones are guided away from the world, having conquered
Mara with his army.
hajsa
adicca+pathe
yanti akase
yanti iddhiya
|
| |
|
|
| |
N.m. N.m. N.m.
V.act.in. N.m. V.act.in.
N.f.
Nom.Sg. | Loc.Sg. 3.Pl.pres.
Loc.Sg. 3.Pl.pres. Ins.Sg.
|
|_____|
|
|
|_______|
|
|__________|
|___________|
|________________|
List of Abbreviations
niyanti
dhira lokamha
jetva maraj
savahinij
|
| |
| |
|
V.act.
N.m. N.m. V.ger. N.m.
N.m.
3.Pl.caus. Nom.Pl. Abl.Sg. |
Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg.
|___________|_______|
| |_______|
|______|
|_________|
|_____________________|
hajsa: hajsa-, N.m.: swan. Nom.Pl. = hajsa.
adiccapathe:
adiccapatha-, N.m.: the path of the
sun. It is a compound of:
adicca-,
N.m.: sun.
patha-, N.m.: road, path.
Loc.Sg. = adiccapathe.
Euphonic combination: hajsa
+ adiccapathe = hajsadiccapathe.
yanti, V.: go. The verb root is ya-. 3.Pl.act.in.pres. = yanti.
akase: akasa-, N.m.: air, sky, space. Loc.Sg. = akase.
yanti: see above.
iddhiya: iddhi-, N.f.: supernatural power. Ins.Sg. = iddhiya.
List of Abbreviations
niyanti,
V.: are led, are guided, are moved. It is a caus. of the verb root ni-
(to lead).
3.Pl.act.caus. = niyanti.
dhira: dhira-, Adj.: wise, clever. Nom.Pl.m. = dhira.
lokamha: loka-, N.m.: world. Abl.Sg. = lokamha.
jetva, V.ger.: having conquered. The verb root is ji- (to conquer).
maraj:
mara-, N.m.: Mara, personified death,
the Evil One, devil.
Nom.Sg. = maraj.
savahinij: savahini-, N.m.: with an army. It is the word vahini-, N.f.: army, with the prefix sa- (with). Acc.Sg. = savahinij.
List of Abbreviations
This verse consists of three syntactically
separate sentences. They are:
1) hajsadiccapathe
yanti (swans travel on the path of the sun). The subject os this
sentence is the noun hajsa
(swans, nominative singular). The verb is yanti (go, 3rd
person. plural, active, indicative, present tense). It has an attribute,
the compound adiccapathe (on the path
of the sun, locative singular).
2) akase
yanti iddhiya (people travel
through space by supernatural powers). The subject is omitted, the world
"people" is meant. The verb is yanti (go, 3rd person.
plural, active, indicative, present tense). It has two attributes, the
noun iddhiya (by supernatural powers,
instrumental singular) and the noun akase
(through space, locative singular).
3) niyanti
dhira lokamha
jetva maraj
savahinij
(wise ones are guided away from the world, having conquered Mara with his
army). This can be further analysed into two sentences:
a) niyanti
dhira
lokamha (wise ones are guided away
from the world). The subject of this sentence is the noun dhira
(wise ones, nominative plural). The verb is niyanti
(are guided, 3rd person, plural, active, causative). The noun
lokamha (from the world, ablative singular)
forms an attribute to this verb.
b) jetva
maraj
savahinij
(having conquered Mara with his army). The subject is the noun dhira
from the previous sentence. The verb is in gerund, jetva
(having conquered). The object is the noun maraj
(Mara, accusative singular) with its attribute, the compound savahinij
(with [his] army, accusative singular).
At one occasion, thirty monks came
to visit the Buddha. While they were talking, the Buddha’s attendant,
Venerable Ananda, went outside. When he came
back he was surprised to see no monks inside.
When asked, the Buddha said that they
left flying through the air, because they attained Arahantship, including
supernatural powers.
Just then, the Buddha saw some swans
flying in the sky and told Ananda that Arahants
leave this world just as easily as the swans fly through the air.
Word pronunciation:
hajsa
adiccapathe
adicca
pathe
yanti
akase
iddhiya
niyanti
dhira
lokamha
jetva
maraj
savahinij