Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Who would live for hundred years, without wisdom, without
a firm mind,
better is the life for one day of somebody who is wise
and meditating.
yo
ca vassa+sataj
jive duppabbo
asamahito
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Rel.Pron. conj. N.n. Num.n. V.act.
Adj.m. Adj.m.
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List of Abbreviations
eka+ahaj
jivitaj
seyyo pabbavantassa jhayino
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Num. N.n. N.n.
Adj.n. Adj.m.
Adj.m.
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Gen.Sg. Gen.Sg.
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yo: yad-, Rel.Pron.: that which. Nom.Sg.m. = yo.
ca, conj.: and.
vassasataj: vassasata-,
N.n.: hundred years, century. It is a compound of:
vassa-, N.n.: year.
sata-, Num.n.: hundred.
Acc.Sg. = vassasataj.
jive, V.: should live. The verb root is jiv-. 3.Sg.act.opt. = jive.
duppabbo:
dupabba-, Adj.: unwise, lit. "with
a bad wisdom". It is the word pabba-,
N.f.: wisdom, with the prefix du- (bad, wrong). Euphonic combination:
du- + pabba- = duppabba-.
Nom.Sg.m. = duppabbo.
asamahito: asamahita-, Adj.: not settled, not firm. It is the word samahita- (Adj., p.p. of the verb dha-, to put, with the prefixes saj-, together and a-, towards. Thus samahita- means settled, composed, firm) with the negative prefix a-. Nom.Sg.m. = asamahito.
List of Abbreviations
ekahaj:
ekaha-, N.n.: one day. It is a compound
of:
eka-, Num.: one.
aha-, N.n.: day.
Euphonic combination: eka- + aha- = ekaha-.
Nom.Sg. = ekahaj.
jivitaj: jivita-, N.n.: life. Originally it is a p.p. of the verb jiv- (to live). Nom.Sg. = jivitaj.
seyyo: seyya-, Adj.: better. Nom.Sg.n. = seyyo.
pabbavantassa: pabbavant-, Adj.: wise. It is the word pabba-, N.f.: wisdom, with the possessive suffix -vant. Gen.Sg.m. = pabbavantassa.
jhayino: jhayin-, Adj.m.: meditating. Derived from the verb jhe- (to meditate). Gen.Sg. = jhayino.
List of Abbreviations
This verse consists of two related
sentences. They both form the first and the second lines of this verse
respectively.
In the first sentence, the subject
is the relative pronoun yo (who, nominative singular). It has two
attributes, the adjectives duppabbo
(without wisdom, nominative singular) and asamahito
(not firm, nominative singular). The verb is jive
(should live, 3rd person, singular, active, optative). It has
an attribute, the compound vassasataj
(hundred years, accusative singular). The conjunction ca (and) serves
only for metrical purposes.
In the second line, the subject is
the adjective/noun jivitaj
(life, nominative singular). It has three attributes. First of them is
the compound ekahaj
(one day, nominative singular). Second and third are the adjectives pabbavantassa
(of a wise one, genitive singular) and jhayino
(of a meditating one, genitive singular). The object is the adjective seyyo
(nominative singular). The verb is omitted, implying the verb "to be".
Venerable Kondabba
once took a subject of meditation from the Buddha and went to practice
to the forest. Soon he attained Awakenment. He was on his way back to the
monastery and had to spend the night on the way. He sat by the road on
a piece of rock and rested, in the deep meditation.
That night some robbers stole many
thing in a village and came to the same place where Kondabba
was sitting. They mistook him for a tree and put their loot all over and
around his body. Then they fell asleep.
In the morning they realized that
he was a living being and became frightened, because they though he was
a ghost. Kondabba told them that he was only
a monk. The robbers were very impressed by him. They paid homage to him
and asked him to allow them to become monks themselves. Kondabba
ordained them and together they returned to the monastery to see the Buddha.
The Buddha spoke to them this verse,
saying that it was better to live just one single day, meditating and cultivating
wisdom, than a hundred years without any self-control and totally devoid
of any wisdom.
Word pronunciation:
yo
ca
vassasataj
vassa
sataj
jive
duppabbo
asamahito
ekahaj
eka
ahaj
jivitaj
seyyo
pabbavantassa
jhayino